Pectoral Girdle: Sternum

The sternum or breast bone is a protector of the thoracic cavity where all your really important organs are.

Illustration of a human rib cage, viewed from the front. The image details the ribs curving outward from the central sternum down to the back bone. The sternum runs vertically down the center, connecting to the ribs with cartilage. The backbone structure is visible at the top and bottom of the cage.
Rib cage illustration showing ribs, sternum, and backbone anatomy.
  • Manubrium
  • Body
  • Xiphoid process
  • Jugular notch
  • Clavicular notch

Students are often familiar with the sternum, usually called the breastbone.  It’s OK to call a bone by its common name, as long as you add the official name.  The sternum has three parts which are fused together.  The most superior part is the manubrium.  The long middle section is called the body.  The little diamond that sticks out at the inferior end of the sternum is the xiphoid process.  I don’t know who named the stuff in the sternum, but, good names. 

Illustration of a human rib cage, viewed from the front, with key anatomical features labeled. The jugular notch, clavicular notch, manubrium, body, and xiphoid process are indicated with dotted lines and text. The ribs themselves are depicted as curved bones connected to the sternum.
Labeled ribcage anatomy showing jugular notch, clavicular notch, manubrium, body, & xiphoid process.

There are some landmarks on the sternum to know, but they make sense when we listen to the names.  There are three notches.  The notch at the superior end is the jugular notch. It makes way for the jugular artery and vein. These vessels serve your brain.  The clavicular notches (left and right) articulate with the sternal end of the clavicle.  Sometimes you can feel these things on your sternum of you try.  There not much flesh above this flat bone.  I am tattooed on the sternum.  It didn’t hurt getting it, but man it hurt the next day.  I didn’t want to move my shoulders. 

An illustration of the sternum showing the jugular notch, clavicular notch, manubrium, body of the sternum, and xiphoid process.
Sternum anatomy. Visit the Artec 3D Human Skeleton

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