Reproductive System Resources

By the End of This Module
You Will be Able to:

Part 1

• describe the descent of the gonads and explain why it is important.
• describe the anatomyThe study of the structure of the human body. of the scrotum, testes, and penis;
• describe the pathway taken by a sperm cell from its formation to its ejaculation, naming all the passages it travels; and
• state the names, locations, and functions of the male accessory reproductive glands.
• describe the hormonal control of puberty;
• describe the resulting changes in the male body; and
• define and describe male climacteric and the effect of aging on male reproductive function.
• describe the stages of meiosis and contrast meiosis with mitosis;
• describe the sequence of cell types in spermatogenesis, and relate these to the stages of meiosis;
• describe the role of the nurse cellsThe basic structural and functional units of life. in spermatogenesis;
• describe or draw and label a sperm cell; and
• describe the composition of semen and functions of its components.
• describe the blood and nerve supply to the penis; and
• explain how these govern erection and ejaculation.
  Part 2
• describe the structure of the ovary;
• trace the female reproductive tract and describe the gross anatomy and histology of each organ;
• identify the ligaments that support the female reproductive organs;
• describe the blood supply to the female reproductive tract;
• identify the external genitalia of the female; and
• describe the structure of the nonlactating breast.
• name the hormones that regulate female reproductive function, and state their roles;
• describe the principal signsObjective clinical findings observable by a provider (e.g., edema, fever). of puberty;
• describe the hormonal changes of female climacteric and their effects; and
• define and describe menopauseThe natural cessation of menstruation and ovarian function., and distinguish menopause from climacteric.
• describe the process of egg production (oogenesisThe process of egg cell formation.);
• describe changes in the ovarian folliclesStructures in the ovaries that contain developing oocytes. (folliculogenesis) in relation to oogenesis;
• describe the hormonal events that regulate the ovarian cycleThe cycle of follicle development, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation.;
• describe how the uterusThe muscular organ where a fertilized egg implants and develops. changes during the menstrual cycleThe monthly cycle of changes in the female reproductive system.; and
• construct a chart of the phases of the monthly sexual cycle showing the hormonal, ovarian, and uterine events of each phase.
• describe the female sexual response at each phase of intercourse; and
• compare and contrast the female and male responses.
• list the major hormones that regulate pregnancy and explain their roles;
• describe a woman’s bodily adaptations to pregnancy;
• identify the physical and chemical stimuliChanges in the environment that are detected by sensory receptors. that increase uterine contractilityThe ability of muscle tissue to shorten with force. in late pregnancy;
• describe the mechanism of milk ejection;
• contrast colostrum with breast milk; and