ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I · MODULE 2
The numbers were telling the truth
Inflammatory markers sky-high for years, including between attacks — and read every time as a lab error or a passing bug. This module builds just enough chemistry to understand what those markers are, and why they were never wrong.
The findings this module reads together
Stina’s bloodwork over the years shows persistently raised inflammatory markers, and not only during a fever. Between attacks, when she felt fine, the numbers stayed up. Each time they were explained away.
Markers that stay elevated between attacks are not noise — they are the signature of something burning continuously. To read them you need atomsThe smallest units of matter that retain the properties of an element. and bonds, acids and bases, the energyThe capacity to do work or cause change. a body spends at rest, and how a protein folds. By the last page the chemistry is not abstract: it is the reason her chart was honest all along.
PATIENT CHART · STINA · CHART CLUE #2
- Years — Inflammatory markers high
- Between attacks — Markers still elevated
- Severe attack — Dehydration, IV fluids
- Reading — Amyloid, a protein misfolded
Seven parts, one chart
Each part opens with a finding from Stina’s chart and asks you to commit to a prediction before any video plays, then alternates short videos with H5P activities. Work them in order.
2.1
The Clue in the Blood
Markers that stayed high even when she felt well.
ACUTE-PHASE MARKERS
2.3
Acids, Bases & the Water of Life
pHA measure of hydrogen ion concentration in a solution., buffersSubstances that resist changes in pH., and why dehydrationA condition in which fluid loss exceeds intake, leading to a decrease in total body water. needed IV fluids.
PH & BUFFERS
2.6
Pyrin, Built From Code
Nucleic acids, and the instructions for one protein.
NUCLEIC ACIDS
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The Evidence Behind the Case
Every step of this module’s reasoning, paired with the peer-reviewed literature behind it.
REFERENCES
What you’ll be able to do
By the end of Module 2 you will be able to:
1
Describe atomic structure and the bonds that form molecules.
2
Explain pH, buffers, and the role of waterThe universal solvent essential for life. in physiological systems.
3
Identify the four classes of biological macromolecules and their functions.
4
Describe protein structure and explain how misfolding produces amyloid.
5
Explain how metabolismThe sum of all chemical reactions in the body. supplies energy and how fever changes demand.
6
Interpret persistently elevated inflammatory markers as evidence of ongoing inflammation.
Hop to:
← Familial Mediterranean Fever — case home
All pages for Module 2 — Just Enough Chemistry
2.0 Module Overview
2.1 The Clue in the Blood
2.2 How Atoms Bond
2.3 Acids, Bases & the Water of Life
2.4 A Marathon Lying in Bed
2.5 Fuel and the Fever Signal
2.6 Pyrin, Built From Code
2.7 When Proteins Misfold
2.8 Conclusion and Assessment
2.9 Evidence Behind the Case
All Modules
- Anatomical Language, Membranes & Homeostasis
- Just Enough Chemistry
- The Cell & Its Transport
- Making Cells & Proteins
- The Integumentary System
- The Skeletal System
- The Muscular System
- Nervous Tissue & the Senses
- The Spinal Cord
- The Brain & the Blood–Brain Barrier
- The Autonomic Nervous System
- Special Senses (in developmentThe process of growth and differentiation.)
- The Endocrine System
- Blood
- The Heart
- Blood Vessels
- The Digestive System
- The Respiratory System
- The Urinary System
- Fluids, Electrolytes & Acid–Base Balance
- The Reproductive System
- The Immune System
List of terms
- atoms
- energy
- ions
- pH
- buffers
- dehydration
- lipids
- molecules
- water
- metabolism
- development